Ancient Near East	Arnon Gorge Dead Sea	Canaanite Calendar 10 Century	Comparitive Size Middle East	Five Major Longitudinal Zones


Geological Israel Map	Rainfall Food Patterns Jerusalem Area	Roman Road Near Syria	Topograhical Israel Map	Wadi Ram Rum South Jordan

Dynasties	Egypt	Looking Across West Nile Valley of Kings


Sinai and the Arabah	Temple Hatshepsut Near Valley of Kings

SYRIA AND LEBANON	The island city of Arvad. Tyre was also an island city like this until the days of Alexander the Great

ABRAHAM IN CANAAN	Abrams Journey From Ur To Shechem	Annual Cycle In South Mesopotamia	Dan Well-preserved gate from ca. 1800 BC	EGYPT DURING THE MIDDLE BRONZE AGE


Gezer Standing stones from ca. 1600 BC—the time of the Israelite sojourn in Egypt	Giza, Egypt Pyramids built by rulers of the Fourth Dynasty	Golan A dolmen marking a burial site from the Middle Bronze I Period	ISAAC AND JACOB	MIDDLE BRONZE II SITES IN THE SOUTHERN LEVANT


Mesopotamia	Near East During Middle Bronze 2 Period	Negev Reconstructed campsite from the MB I Period	THE EVENTS OF GENESIS 14 AND MIDDLE BRONZE I (2200–2000 BC) SITES IN THE	THE NEAR EAST DURING THE EARLY BRONZE AGE (3150–2220 BC)


THE SOUTHERN LEVANT DURING THE EARLY BRONZE AGE (3150–2200 BC)	Table of Nations	The Delta	The Euphrates at Dura Europos	Syria Mesopotamia


Canaan Egypt

CAMPAIGN OF THUTMOSE III AGAINST THE CANAANITES (1457 BC)	CANAAN DURING THE LATE BRONZE AGE (1550–1200 BC)	Central And Southern Campaigns	Conquest Of Gilead And Bashan


EGYPT IN THE LATE SECOND MILLENNIUM BC	Hazor Canaanite worship center with numerous “standing stones	Israels Journey to Plains Moab	SINAI DURING THE BRONZE AGE


Sinai Mountains surrounding Jebel Musa	Sinai Wilderness Israel Spent 40 Years	THE LAND OF CANAAN EXPLORED BY THE TWELVE SCOUTS	THE NORTHERN CAMPAIGN


The Delta	Canaan and Egypt

BABYLONIAN INVASION OF JUDAH	Babylon, Persia Judea, Egypt Timeline	Eighth-century wall built to defend the western hill of Jerusalem	JUDAH IN THE DAYS OF HEZEKIAH AND SENNACHERIB


THE FALL OF THE ASSYRIAN EMPIRE	THE NEO-BABYLONIAN EMPIRE JUDAH EXILED	Jerusalem Several “false starts” near the center of Hezekiah’s Tunnel where two work gangs met

Athens The Parthenon on the Acropolis among other buildings was under construction during the days of Ezra and Nehemiah	EZEKIEL’S VISION (EZEK. 47–48)	FALL OF BABYLON; RETURN FROM EXILE	JEWISH REFUGEES FLEE TO EGYPT


THE PERSIAN EMPIRE	THE PROVINCE OF JUDAH (YEHUD)	Tobiad family tomb at Tyre of Transjordan plus detail of Tobiad inscription right of door

HEROD THE GREAT’S KINGDOM	Herodium Interior courtyard of Herod the Great’s pleasure palace	Herodium Recently discovered foundation monument of the tomb of Herod the Great	Herodium Seven miles south of Jerusalem. A combination pleasure palace, fort, and mausoleum


Model of the temple in Jerusalem that Herod the Great refurbished	TERRITORIAL CHANGES AFTER POMPEY’S CONQUEST	THE ROMAN EMPIRE (FIRST CENTURY BC)	Rome and Palestine

A full-scale model of the excavated Galilee Boat. This multipurpose boat could carry about 15 persons total	Black basalt foundation wall of an earlier synagogue upon which the rebuilt white walls of the sixth century synagogue at Capernaum are visible	Church and olive grove at the traditional site of the Garden of Gethsemane at the western foot of the Mount of Olives	JESUS’ MINISTRY—SIDON TO JERUSALEM


JESUS IN GALILEE	Nazareth Church of the Annunciation surrounded by the hills rising above Nazareth	Remains of a first-century boat that was excavated on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee	Rock-cut sanctuary of Pan at Caesarea Philippi—near where Peter affirmed that Jesus was the Messiah (Matt. 16)


Sowers Cove” (Matt 131-2) on the northwestern shore of the Sea of Galilee	THE DIVISION OF HEROD’S KINGDOM	Wilderness of Judah east of Jerusalem. Jesus fasted for forty days in this area and passed through it on his way from Jericho to Jerusalem	Rome and Palestine

AGRIPPA II’S KINGDOM UNTIL THE JEWISH REVOLT	EXPANSION OF THE EARLY CHURCH IN PALESTINE AND SYRIA	Gamala Breach in the defensive wall made by the Romans when they captured the city–AD 67	Gamala View to west southwest of the city where 9,000 Jews died attempting to defend the city against the Romans—AD 67


Greek inscription, found in Jerusalem, forbidding Gentiles to enter into the more sacred precincts	Head of Titus As general, he destroyed the temple and Jerusalem and later (AD 79–81) ruled as emperor of Rome	JEWISH REVOLT AGAINST ROME (AD 66–70)	Jerusalem Paved street with shops on the west side of the temple mount (vertical wall on right)


Rome Arch of Titus at the entrance to the Forum depicting the menorah being displayed in Rome after the Jerusalem temple had been destroyed in AD 70	THE KINGDOM OF AGRIPPA I PALESTINE AFTER JESUS’ DEATH	THE NEAR EAST AT THE TIME OF PENTECOST	Rome and Palestine

ANCIENT CORINTH	Assos The temple of Athena. Paul visited Assos on the return leg of his third journey (Acts 2013)	Corinth The temple of Apollo was over five hundred years old by the time that Paul visited Corinth on his second journey	Ephesus View toward the now-silted harbor from the theater at Ephesus (Acts 1923–41)


Erastus inscription at Corinth Erastus was a wealthy official in Corinth and this inscription tells how he laid the street at his own expense (Rom 1623)	PAUL’S FIRST MISSIONARY JOURNEY	PAUL’S JOURNEY TO ROME	PAUL’S SECOND MISSIONARY JOURNEY


PAUL’S THIRD MISSIONARY JOURNEY	Patara Probably the oldest preserved lighthouse in the world. Paul changed ships at Patara on his return from his third journey (Acts 211)	Perga Hellenistic towers at Perga—Paul, Barnabas, and John Mark visited the city on Paul’s first journey (Acts 1313; 1425)	SOUTHERN GREECE IN ROMAN TIMES


THE EXTENT OF CHRISTIANITY IN THE FIRST AND SECOND CENTURIES AD	Tarsus One of the main streets from the days of Paul. Note the basalt paving stones, white limestone curbing, and the remains of buildings that line the right side of the street	Roman Emperors Biblical Events/ Palestine

Ephesus In the foreground, the meager remains of the Artemis temple	Laodicea Calcified syphon that once brought water into the city	Laodicea Excavated street of this proud, self-satisfied city	Patmos The barren Aegean island to which John was exiled (Rev 19)


Pergamum The great theater and beyond it, by the tree, the altar of Zeus	Sardis Gymnasium and palestra of this once very rich city	THE SEVEN CHURCHES OF REVELATION	Relative Size Of Jerusalem

Beersheba View of the gate area Y. Aharoni, the excavator, exposed	Crusader entrance to the Church of the Holy Sepulcher This church contains both the site of Calvary	JERUSALEM AT THE TIME OF NEHEMIAH	JERUSALEM TOPOGRAPHY


Looking east at the northeast corner of the recently discovered “Pool of Siloam”	Looking south at the Dome of the Rock. Many believe that this is where the ancient Israelite temples	NEW TESTAMENT JERUSALEM	OLD TESTAMENT JERUSALEM


Replica of a Tyrian coin used by Jews to pay the Temple Tax during the Second Temple Period	THE SURROUNDINGS OF JERUSALEM	View toward the old ancient core from the south The golden-colored Dome of the Rock stands where	Garden Tomb located about 260 yards north of the present-day wall


Syria / Mesopotamia	Canaan / Israel	Canaan / Egypt	Assasination of Julius Ceasar

A LEVITE AND HIS CONCUBINE (JUDGES 19–21)	ARRIVAL AND SETTLEMENT OF THE PHILISTINES	Allotments of Ephraim Manasseh, and Benjamin	CANAAN IN THE EL-AMARNA PERIOD


DAVID AND GOLIATH IN THE VALLEY OF ELAH	DAVID AND SAUL	David worked for the Philistines in this area of the western NegevBesor Ravine	EGYPTIAN CAMPAIGNS IN CANAAN


LEVITICAL CITIES ALLOTTED WITHIN THE TRIBAL AREAS, AND CITIES OF REFUGE	LIMITS OF ISRAELITE SETTLEMENT	Oasis of En Gedi on the western shore of the Dead Sea. Here David hid from Saul	Rebuilt House, A typical Israelite dwelling down to the Babylonian exile


SAMUEL, THE PHILISTINES AND THE CALL OF SAUL	SAUL’S BATTLES AGAINST ISRAEL’S ENEMIES	THE ALLOTMENT FOR DAN	THE JUDGES OF ISRAEL


THE SEA PEOPLES	THE TERRITORIES OF JUDAH AND SIMEON	THE TRANSJORDAN TRIBES REUBEN GAD, AND THE HALF-TRIBE OF MANASSEH	TRIBES NORTH OF THE JEZREEL VALLEY ZEBULUN, ISSACHAR, ASHER, AND NAPHTALI


Transition to the Monarchy Samuel and Saul	Israel / Judah / Egypt

ALEXANDER’S CAMPAIGNS IN ASIA MINOR AND THE LEVANT	Cilician Gates, though which Darius III and Alexander the Great passed as they enteredexited Asia Minor	Coin with a representation of Alexander the Great	PTOLEMAIC HYPARCHIES (312–198 BC)


Pleasure palace at Iraq el-Amir in Jordan from the Hellenistic Period	SELEUCID EPARCHIES (198–142 BC)	THE EMPIRE OF ALEXANDER THE GREAT	THE PTOLEMIES AND SELEUCIDS IN THE THIRD CENTURY BC


Syria / Mesopotamia Palestine / Egypt	Tomb from the Hellenistic Period of a Sidonian family living at Marisa in Idumea	East / Rome Judea / Egypt

ASSYRIAN EXPANSION	ASSYRIAN PROVINCES AFTER THE FALL OF THE NORTHERN KINGDOM	Arad, Negev Judean worship center. Sacrificial altar and courtyard on right, broad room to the left	BOUNDARY DISPUTE BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH


Dan High place for worship. Jeroboam originally put “golden calves	Dan Podium (partially reconstructed) where the king sat on a throne at the entrance to the city gate	NORTHERN INVASION ROUTE (DAMASCUS TO SHECHEM)	PROPHETIC ACTIVITY IN ISRAEL AND JUDAH


REHOBOAM’S FORTRESSES	THE CONFLICTS OF THE SOUTHERN KINGDOM (TENTH TO EIGHTH CENTURIES BC)	THE DIVIDED KINGDOM AND SHISHAK’S INVASION (925 BC)	THE NORTHERN KINGDOM ISRAEL (930–722 BC)


Assyria / Babylon / Israel Judah / Egypt

Mt. Gerizim Monumental staircase from the second century BC that led up to	PALESTINE OF THE MACCABEES AND THE HASMONEAN DYNASTY	Qumran Cave IV Numerous Dead Sea Scroll fragments were found in this cave	THE MACCABEAN REVOLT (167–152 BC)


Temple of Zeus at Gerasa (Jordan)—one of the Greco-Roman cities of the Decapolis	Tombs of the “sons of Hezir” (left) and of “Zechariah”	Rome / Palestine / Egypt

Ain Dara, Syria A winged creature (cherub) guarding the entrance to the temple at Ain Dara	Ain Dara Syria Three foot long footprints of the deity carved on the paving stones of the entrance to the temple at Ain Dara	DAVID’S WARS OF EXPANSION	Geshur Iron Age gate at et-Tell northeast of Sea of Galilee


Gezer Six-chamber gate at Gezer—probably associated with the Solomonic building program	Gihon Spring The spring chamber of the chief water source of Jerusalem	Hazor Double (casemate) wall attached to the six-chambered (Solomonic) gate	ISRAEL DURING SOLOMON’S REIGN


Jerusalem Ancient tunnel leading from where water was gathered to a point inside the city. Possibly Joab and his men gained access to the city via this tunnel (2 Sam 5-8 - 1 Chron 11 6)	LIMITS OF ISRAEL PROPER IN WHICH JOAB CONDUCTED A CENSUS FOR DAVID	REBELLIONS AGAINST DAVID ABSALOM AND SHEBA	SOLOMON’S KINGDOM AND MAJOR TRADE ROUTES


SYRIAMESOPOTAMIA (820 BC to 720 BC)	SYRIAMESOPOTAMIA (940 BC to 840 BC)	TWELVE ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS IN SOLOMON’S KINGDOM

Chronology Creation - Flood	Chronology Abram - Joseph	Chronology Moab - Edom	Chronology Egypt - Exodus

5554-3298 BC	2166-1446 BC	1900 BC	1446-1356 BC

Chronology Judges	Chronology Ruth	Chronology Eli - Solomon	Chronology Kings and Prophets

1355-1004 BC	1300 BC	1186-931 BC	931-587 BC

Chronology Babylonian Captivity	Chronology Babylon - Persian Kingdoms	Chronology Greek Kingdom	Chronology Roman Kingdom

605-536 BC	623-333 BC	333-31 BC	49 BC – AD 135

Chronology Daniel’s 70 Weeks	Book of Revelation	Chronology End times and last days

458 BC- AD 33	AD 66-70	0-20,000 years

Egypt	Migration of Abram from Ur	Abram, Lot Melchizedek War of kings

2500 BC	2085 BC	2085-2075 BC

Conquest	The Twelve Tribes	Conquest of Joshua in the Amarna Tablets

1406-1400	1399	Joshua

Othniel Ehud, Ruth	Deborah	Gideon	Jephthah	Samson

1350-1204	1204-1144	1191-1144	1118-1094	1118-1078

Eli and Samuel	King Saul before David

1128-1094 BC	1052-1025 BC

Saul Hunts David	The House Of David	David Fulfills Abraham’s Land Promise	Davids 33 Jerusalem Years

1018-1010 BC	1000~ BC	1003-1001 BC	1003-970 BC

Absalom Mutiny	1000 Wives of Solomon	Shishak	Jeroboam King of Israel

990-979 BC	990~ BC	926 BC	931-910 BC

Abijah King of Judah	Asa, Elijah, Elisha, Ahab Jehoshaphat, Joash, Jehu	Hazael King of Aram

914-911 BC	870-795 BC	841-800 BC

Babylonian Empire	Gedaliah

640-539 BC	605-568 BC